When to plant
Plant bare-root peonies in early to mid-spring as soon as the soil is workable. In mild climates, you can also plant in autumn so the roots establish before winter. Avoid planting in frozen or waterlogged soil.
Where to plant
Choose a sunny spot with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Peonies tolerate light shade but flower best in full sun. They grow beautifully in borders, cottage gardens, perennial beds and cutting gardens. Avoid planting near trees or shrubs that compete for nutrients.
Preparing the soil
Loosen the soil to 25–30 cm deep and mix in compost or other organic matter. Peonies prefer well-drained, fertile, neutral to slightly alkaline soil. Improve clay with grit and compost, and enrich sandy soil with extra organic matter so it holds moisture.
Preparing the plants
Check that each bare-root division has several healthy ‘eyes’ (buds). If the roots look dry, soak them in lukewarm water for 15–20 minutes before planting. Do not trim the roots.
Planting the plants
Dig a hole large enough to spread the roots comfortably. Position the crown so the eyes sit only 3–5 cm below the soil surface—planting too deep reduces flowering. Space plants 60–90 cm apart. Backfill gently and water thoroughly.
After planting
Keep the soil lightly moist while plants establish but avoid overwatering. Mulch around the plant (not directly over the crown) to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
During growth
Water during prolonged dry spells, especially in the first year. Support taller varieties with plant rings or stakes. Avoid heavy fertilising; a light top-dressing of compost in spring is sufficient.
After flowering / end of season
Remove spent flowers to keep plants tidy. In autumn, allow foliage to die back naturally, then cut stems to ground level and remove debris to prevent disease. Peonies seldom need dividing and often bloom better each year when left undisturbed.
Extra tips
Peonies prefer not to be moved—select a permanent spot. Avoid mulching directly over the crown. Excellent companions include delphiniums, roses, irises and ornamental grasses.
