When to plant
Plant young Cynara plants in spring once the risk of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. In mild climates, planting can also be done in early autumn to allow roots to establish before winter. Avoid planting in cold, wet soil.
Where to plant
Choose a sunny, sheltered position with at least 6 hours of sunlight per day. Cynara needs space to grow, making it ideal for kitchen gardens, large borders and Mediterranean-style beds. Avoid exposed, windy sites where the tall stems may topple.
Preparing the soil
Loosen soil to 30–40 cm deep and enrich generously with compost or well-rotted manure. Cynara prefers fertile, well-drained soil that retains some moisture. Improve heavy clay with grit and organic material; enrich sandy soil with compost to help retain nutrients.
Preparing the plants
Water young plants well in their pots before planting. Remove the plant carefully to avoid damaging the roots, and gently tease out circling roots if needed.
Planting the plants
Dig a wide hole large enough to accommodate the rootball. Plant at the same depth as the plant sat in its pot. Space plants 80–100 cm apart to allow their large foliage to spread. Firm soil gently around the roots and water thoroughly.
After planting
Keep the soil consistently moist during the establishment period. Apply a layer of mulch around the plant to retain moisture and suppress weeds, keeping mulch away from the stem.
During growth
Water regularly during dry spells—artichokes need consistent moisture to produce tender buds. Feed with a balanced organic fertiliser in spring and midsummer. Remove old or damaged leaves to keep plants tidy. In colder regions, protect the crown with a thick mulch over winter.
After harvest / end of season
Harvest buds while they are still tight and firm. Leave a few buds to flower if you want ornamental purple blooms. Cut back stems after flowering. In late autumn, remove old foliage and apply a winter mulch in colder climates to protect the crown.
Extra tips
Cynara pairs beautifully with herbs and Mediterranean-style plants like rosemary, lavender and sage. For better yields, remove smaller side buds to allow the main bud to develop fully. Artichokes make striking centrepieces in both vegetable and ornamental gardens.
