How to plant
When to plant
Plant spring-blooming iris bulbs—such as Iris reticulata or Dutch iris—in autumn, allowing roots to establish before winter. In colder climates, plant as soon as the soil is workable after summer to ensure proper development.
Where to plant
Choose a location with full sun to light shade and excellent drainage. Irises thrive best in sunny spots that receive at least 6 hours of sun a day. Avoid wet or low-lying areas where bulbs might rot.
Preparing the soil
Loosen the soil to a depth of 20–25 cm and mix in compost or well-rotted manure. If working with clay-heavy ground, incorporate grit or coarse sand to lighten the structure and improve drainage.
Planting the bulbs
Place iris bulbs pointed side up, about 8–10 cm deep, and space them 8–12 cm apart. For the most natural look, plant in drifts or clusters rather than rows. Groupings of 5–7 bulbs create strong visual impact when in bloom.
After planting
Water gently after planting to settle the soil. Once the weather cools, the bulbs go dormant, but underground root development will continue into winter. No further watering is needed during dormancy.
During growth
Shoots begin emerging in early spring. Water only during dry spells. A light application of balanced fertilizer in early growth helps strengthen foliage and support flowering. Remove faded blooms to tidy the appearance and encourage next year’s bloom cycle.
After blooming
Let the foliage yellow and die back naturally. This post-bloom phase allows the bulbs to store energy for the next season. Once leaves are completely dry, they may be trimmed away. In colder areas, add a layer of mulch after dieback to protect bulbs through winter.
Extra tips
Iris pairs beautifully with tulips, muscari, and early daffodils. Combine with low perennials to mask fading foliage. Lift and divide overcrowded clumps every 3–4 years for continued performance. Iris are also excellent for cutting—harvest in bud for longer vase life.
