When to Plant
Plant arum rhizomes or tubers in early spring or autumn, depending on your climate zone. In milder areas, autumn planting allows roots to take hold before winter; in colder regions, wait until the soil is workable and frost risk has passed.
Where to Plant
Select a spot in partial to full shade — arums naturally thrive in woodlands or beneath deciduous trees. They do not demand bright sun; in fact, harsh direct light can scorch their leaves. Aim for a location with rich, humus-rich soil that retains moisture yet drains well. Heavy clay should be improved with compost or leaf mold to reduce waterlogging.
Preparing the Soil
Dig and loosen the soil to a depth of 15–20 cm, removing weeds, stones, and debris. Incorporate organic matter such as compost or leaf mold to boost fertility and improve structure. Ensure the final soil feels light and friable.
Planting the Rhizomes/Tubers
Set each rhizome or tuber so its growing points face upward, and cover with a thin layer of soil. Arums are somewhat tolerant of planting depth variability, so precise depth is less critical than good soil contact and orientation. Space them around 20–30 cm apart to allow room for natural clumping over time.
After Planting
Water the planting area gently to settle the soil, but avoid creating saturated conditions. Maintain consistent moisture during the active growing phase, especially in dry periods, but never let the soil stay soggy. Mulch around the base in winter to moderate temperature swings and protect roots.
Growth & Flowering
Expect new foliage to appear as temperatures warm. Flowering may follow later, with the distinctive spathes and spadices emerging among the leaves. After pollination, berries develop and often persist into autumn, adding decorative color after the leaves fade.
After Flowering
Once the foliage yellows and dies back, tidy the area by removing dead leaves. If your arums have become overly crowded, this is a good time to divide clumps. Dig up parts, separate tubers, and replant immediately or store until the next planting season.
Extra Tips
- Arums tend to spread gradually; if you wish to contain them, consider planting in discreet beds or use edging.
- Pair them with shade-tolerant plants like ferns, hellebores, or hostas to soften their bold forms.
- Remove berry clusters after they begin disintegrating to discourage unwanted self-seeding.
- Handle plants with gloves and wash hands afterward, due to their toxic sap and calcium oxalate content.
