When to plant
Plant canna rhizomes in spring, after the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. In mild climates, planting earlier or even in late winter is possible as long as the soil stays workable.
Where to plant
Choose a site with full sun to partial shade. Cannas thrive where they receive bright light for much of the day. The soil needs to be rich and well-draining—adding compost or organic matter helps, though the soil should never stay waterlogged.
Preparing the soil
Loosen the ground to about 20–30 cm depth, removing stones and debris. Mix in compost or well-rotted organic matter to enrich the soil. If drainage is poor, blend in coarse sand or grit to improve aeration and water movement.
Planting the rhizomes
Set each rhizome horizontally with the growing buds facing upward. Cover with soil so that the top of the rhizome is a few centimeters beneath the surface. Space them about 30–40 cm apart (or more for larger cultivars) to allow room for growth and airflow.
After planting
Water deeply after planting to settle the soil. Maintain consistent moisture during the growing season, especially in dry periods. Avoid letting soil dry out completely around young shoots.
During growth & blooming
New shoots emerge and rapidly develop into tall leaves and flower spikes. Apply a balanced fertilizer during active growth to support strong stems and robust blooms. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage further blooming and a tidy appearance.
After flowering / end of season
Allow foliage to die back naturally in autumn if frost is expected. In colder climates, once the leaves have withered, lift the rhizomes, clean them, dry them briefly, and store them in a cool, frost-free place for replanting in spring. In frost-free areas, you may leave rhizomes in the ground with mulch protection.
Extra tips
Provide wind protection for tall canna cultivars, as heavy blooms may sway or topple. In containers, use deep pots for root room and ensure excellent drainage. Divide rhizomes every few years in spring to maintain vigor and flowering performance. Cannas pair beautifully with tropical companion plants like bananas, elephant ears, or ornamental grasses.
